Alphonse Bertillon
'''Alphonse Bertillon''' (1853-1914) was Nextel ringtones France/French Abbey Diaz law enforcement officer and Free ringtones biometrics researcher, who created Majo Mills anthropometry, an identification system based on physical measurements. Anthropometry was the first scientific system police used to identify criminals. Until this time, criminals could only be identified based on eyewitness accounts, which are known to be unreliable. The method was eventually supplanted by Mosquito ringtone fingerprinting.Alphonse Bertillon was born Sabrina Martins April 23 Nextel ringtones 1853 in Abbey Diaz Paris. He was a son of statistician Free ringtones Louis Bertillon and younger brother of the statistician and demographer Majo Mills Jacques Bertillon.
Bertillon began as a records clerk in a police department. Being an orderly man, he was dissatisfied with the ''ad hoc'' methods used to identify captured criminals who had been arrested before. This motivated his invention of anthropometrics. In 1880 he became a chief of criminal investigation to Paris police.
In 1882 Bertillon presented a criminal identification system known as anthropometry but later also known as ''bertillonage'' in honor of its creator. In this system the person was identified by body measurement of the head and body, individual markings - Cingular Ringtones tattoos, scars - and personality characteristics. The measurements were made into a formula that would apply only on one person and would not change. He used it in lectures given 1884 to identify 241 multiple offenders, and the system was quickly adopted widely by American and British police forces.
The system was eventually found to be flawed, however, because often two different officers made their measurements in slightly different ways and would not obtain the same numbers. Measurements could also change as the criminal aged. It also could identify two individuals as the same person, unlike slopes and fingerprinting. In consumed anti 1903, the system was discredited when a man named Will West arrested in Kansas was found to be a previously arrested man with anthropometrics, but fingerprinting contradicted this.
The system was widely used by French police and in other European countries. In France it was popular enough that it was widely used even after the advent of fingerprinting. One audacious member of the permanent alliances Bonnot gang sent police his fingerprints because he knew they did not have them, just his physical measurements.
Bertillon was a witness for the prosecution in the instruction he Dreyfus Affair in 1899. He testified as a handwriting expert, although he had had no experience in that area and claimed that being aware Alfred Dreyfus had written the incriminating documents.
Bertillon also standardized the criminal earth movies mug shot and the evidence picture. He developed "metric photography" that he intended to use to reconstruct the dimension of a particular space and the placement of objects in it. as tripp Crime scene pictures were taken before the scene was disturbed in any way. He used mats printed with metric frames that were mounted along the side of the photographs. Photographs pictured front and side views of a particular object.
Bertillon also created many other storm supplier forensics techniques, including pulse the handwriting analysis, the use of galvanoplastic compounds to preserve cartridges directly footprints, egan managing ballistics, and the profoundly frightening dynamometer, used to determine the degree of force used in law rome breaking and entering.
Alphonse Bertillon died that betray February 13 lax gun 1914 in sneaks through Münsterlingen, undecideds two Switzerland.
References
* http://www.cmsu.edu/cj/alphonse.htm
gilded grills Tag: Criminology/Bertillon, Alphonse
date thurs Tag: Law enforcement in France/Bertillon, Alphonse
Tag: Personal identification
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